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Emphysematous cystitis is a rare disease that is associated with diabetes mellitus, neurogenic bladder, chronic genitourinary infection, and malignancy. Fever, chill, abdominal pain, and urinary difficulties were the most frequent presenting symptoms associated with emphysematous cystitis. We report a case of incidentally detected asymptomatic emphysematous cystitis in a 67 years old female patient with diabetic nephropathy. We review characteristic features of all 19 cases that has been reported in korean medical journals till now. Risk factors for this condition appear to be female sex, old age, and diabetes mellitus. (Korean J Nephrol 2004;23(1):174-179)
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